The Moral Role of “Good” Idea of Plato Philosophy in the Relationship Between the Governor and Governed

Abstract

Abstract: Plato is deemed as the first systematic philosopher in the history of philosophy. Plato divided as visible world and imagined world in order to ground his both ontological and epistemological view. His dualist attitude was fully reflected in his philosophy and became basis for his moral and political view. This distinction constitutes the most sophisticated part of his philosophy. His dualism was reflected in the epistemological field as knowledge of sense (doxa) and knowledge of mind (episteme) while in the in the moral field as wishes/desires and wishes/commands of the mind. True knowledge doesn’t come from senses, we can only reach it through our mind. This knowledge is hidden in the ideas. Humane good also cannot be acquired without knowledge. It is obligatory to reach for the ideas in order to be well and happy. One who cannot reach for the ideas must give priority to wise ones who achieved. This is also a moral duty because the well being of both the governor and the governed depend on both those who holds knowledge and has grasped the ideas. Plato combined virtue and knowledge with a certain kind of social structure and introduced a qualified state and social philosophy, believing that being virtuous and knowledgeable can be realized on the ground of a suitable social order. This article aims to show that Platon’s ideas, “good” idea in particular, doesn’t only qualify epistemologically, but also has a moral implication and serves for a communal duty.